Waste operators say urban cleanliness still depends on citizens, not just tech

Portuguese waste management companies LIPOR, TRATOLIXO, SUMA, EGF, Smart Waste Portugal and environmental group ZERO say technologies such as AI, sensors and smart collection routes are reshaping urban waste management, but none can replace citizen participation. They point to growing pressure from population density, tourism and major events, where disposable cups sold as 'reusable' without real deposit-return systems often end up littering public space. TRATOLIXO reported 81,000 tonnes of separately collected bio-waste in 2025, up 13% on 2024. The groups call for better infrastructure, stricter enforcement of existing rules at events, and shared responsibility between municipalities, operators and the public to cut waste at the source.